Research Progress of Semantic Segmentation Technique Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Its Application in Brain Neuroimage

To improve the segmentation accuracy of regions of interest in the diagnosis of various neurological diseases and promote further application of convolutional neural networks (CNN)-based semantic segmentation, this paper summarized the applications of the semantic segmentation method based on CNN in a variety of neuroimage research. First, the current CNN architectures, as well as a variety of classical models based on CNN semantic segmentation and their variant were reviewed. Then, a comprehensive coverage of their application in neuroimage area was provided. Finally, future directions and challenges in this important field of research were discussed.