Ways to Reform Social Security in the Era of Artificial Intelligence: A Review of Research Based on the New Forms of the Job Market

The arrival of the era of artificial intelligence has had a tremendous impact on the labor market and thus has challenged the adaptability and sustainability of traditional social security systems in welfare states. This paper analyzes the possible reform paths of the social security system in welfare states in the future, using a logical chain of "impacts of artificial intelligence-the new forms of the job market-social security system reforms". The influence mechanism of artificial intelligence on the job market is mainly manifested in three aspects: replacement effect, the large number of new non-standard employment, and the differentiation of employment classes; accordingly, the model by which welfare states operate their social security systems based on employment protection in the formal sector has been challenged and needs to adapt to changes in the employment situation. In the future, the social security system should take the initiative to make adjustments and adopt comprehensive reform measures: while strengthening employment regulations, improving the integration of social insurance plans, introducing personalized security plans, popularizing the non-contributory social assistance system, and supporting discussions on new paths in introducing a Universal Basic Income and exploring new social security financing channels.