Abstract: The emission and control of microbial aerosols in urban wastewater treatment plants have received extensive attention from researchers both at home and abroad. Based on an overview of the definition, characteristics and hazards of microbial aerosols, the paper introduced common microbial aerosol control technologies, including heat, electromagnetic wave radiation, filtration, chemical disinfection and photocatalytic oxidation, and compared the characteristics and conditions for using different technologies. For microbial aerosols in urban wastewater treatment plants, the sources of their generation and emission characteristics were summarized, and their control technologies and measures were discussed in terms of source, intermediate process and end control technologies. This paper can provide a scientific basis for the control of microbial aerosol pollution in urban wastewater treatment.