Abstract: The bacterial antibiotic resistances derived from antibiotic abuse become a serious issue in recent years, which in turn decreasing the selectivity of commonly used antibiotics in clinic, and increasing the burden of patients and even the risk of mortality. Rapid detection of pathogen and its drug resistances is the most pivotal to accurately diagnose and rationally prescribe the drugs. However, the existing cultural methods cannot meet the requirements for rapid diagnosis and it is urgent to develop a new method for rapid detection of bacterial antibotic resistances. Raman spectroscopy is a vibrationial spectroscopic technology with the advantages of rapid detection and high specificity. It has achieved fruitful results in the fast discrimination of bacterial pathogens, and has been applied in the microbiological metabolism studies recently. With the development of surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and the miniature and portable instrument, it will favor to rapid and on-site detection of pathogenic bacteria and the antibiotic resistances. This review briefly introduced the principle of Raman spectroscopy, and mainly focused on the research progress of the bacterial antibiotic resistances achieved by Raman spectroscopic technology.