Abstract: To develop and evaluate performances of a new cement-based waterproof adhesive layer in cement concrete bridge deck, three traditional types of asphalt-based materials (SBS modified asphalt, rubber modified asphalt, and water-based epoxy resin modified emulsified asphalt) were compared. The best treat method of cement concrete bridge deck and the optimal setting time of cement-based material were determined by shear tests. The influences of different temperatures, water immersions and freeze-thaw cycles on strength of cement-based and asphalt-based materials were evaluated by using shear and pullout test respectively. The test results show that cement concrete bridge deck should be roughed and the best setting time of cement-based material is 0.5 h. With increasing temperature, the shear and pullout strength of cement-based and asphalt-based materials linearly declines; however the shear and pullout strengths of cement-based material are significantly lower than that of asphalt-based materials. The shear and pullout strengths of the three asphalt-based materials are close to 0 MPa at 70℃; however the shear and pullout strength of cement-based material can reach 1.37 MPa and 0.36 MPa, which indicates that the cement-based material has excellent high-temperature performance. The effect of water immersion and freeze-thaw cycle on the shear and pullout strength of cement-based material is much less than that of asphalt-based material, due to its continuous hydration reaction under water condition.