Abstract: Definitions about enterprise niche parameters were given through the research of bionics of natural ecosystem niche, including overall and structural width, overall and structural overlap, overall and structural separation and tendency of separation. The methods and models of measurement of enterprise niche parameters were determined on the basis of dimensions of the resource, survival competence, environment, space and time of enterprise. This article provided with theoretical support for quantitative description and analysis of evolution of enterprise ecosystem, and for developing the optimization model of enterprise competition and survival strategy.