Abstract: According to the characteristics of lack of balance in energy usage in a wireless sensor networks (WSNs) system,the authors analyse its topological structure,and establish a routing model.Meanwhile,a routing optimization method for WSNs based on multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) is proposed by employing the basic principles of general genetic algorithm.In the process of selecting communication link,some factors such as energy consumption of paths and residual energy of nodes,are synthetically considered.The energy equalization of nodes in WSNs is realized by using the algorithm to work out a low-energy-consuming and residual-energy-adequate path as the transmission path.Simulation results show that the global optimization can effectively prolong the network lifetime,and improves the network performance.