Abstract: The objective of this paper is to propose and to construct the theoretical framework of highway landscape design. Highway landscape has paramount significance of increasing highway traffic safety and reduce driver's visual fatigue; therefore, it has triggered people's attention more and more. This paper puts forward the research framework of the highway landscape after discussing the theoretical meaning of highway landscape design, and the authors think that highway landscape research framework should include the design principle of the highway landscape, the composition of landscape design theory and landscape design indexes extracting from it. The proposition of highway landscape design theory framework has significant meaning of increasing traffic safety and advance the development of highway landscape design theory.