Abstract: To improve the solution efficiency of structural crashworthiness optimization, adopting the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to express the structural crash response as the explicit function of the design variables, two kinds of optimization model is build. One is that the acceleration of rigid body and the invade distortion are separately fitted with elliptical and linear response surface; the other is that both are fitted with elliptical response surface. With Ls-dyna software as the solver of structural crash analysis, and with Matlab optimization toolbox to solve the optimization model, the program of the structural crashworthiness optimization is implemented. The numerical examples show that two kinds of optimization model based on Response Surface Methodology can efficiently solve the problem of the structural crashworthiness optimization.