Making Ticket Price of Urban Rail Transit Based on Second Best Theory
-
摘要: 以次优定价理论为基础,系统分析了城市地铁定价理论与方法,提出了地铁次优定价模型.以社会福利最大化为目标函数,以地铁经营者无财政赤字为约束条件,考虑减少温室气体排放和交通方式分担率因素,区分通勤消费者和非通勤消费者,给出地铁月票和一般票的定价方法.以北京2005年地铁运营相关数据和日本的碳排放统计数据为基础,考虑了土建工程维护等费用,进行了实例计算,因考虑了低碳经济的因素,结果略低于实际票价,验证了模型的合理性.Abstract: A novel model was provided for making ticket price of urban rail transit based on second best theory in this paper.It was the objective function to attain the maximum social welfare in the model,and no deficit constraint was present for the urban transit operators.Moreover greenhouse gas emission and model choices of transportations factors were considered.To represent an approach of making monthly and the general ticket price,the specific distinction between consumer and non-consumers was given.Considering maintenance cost of civil works,the model was used to making ticket price of Beijing urban rail transit based on the 2005 data of Beijing and Statistical data of greenhouse gas emission in Japan.Due to factors considered in the low-carbon economy,the results shown that the ticket price was slightly lower than the actual price and the reasonableness of the model was verified.
-
Keywords:
- urban rail transit /
- traffic demand /
- making ticket price /
- second-best theory /
- marginal cost /
- operating cost
-
-
[1] TATUCHI M.Bottleneck congestion and modal split[J].Journal of Urban Economics,1993,34(3):414-443.
[2] MARVIN K,YUICHIRO Y.The commuter's time-of-use decision and optimal pricing and service in urban mass transit[J].Journal of Urban Economics,2002,51:170-195.
[3] 赵良杰,陈义华,车天义.重庆轻轨票价方案研究[J].铁道运输与经济,2005,27(11):40-42.ZHAO Liang-jie,CHEN Yi-hua,CHE Tian-yi.Study on the pricing plan of Chongqing light rail[J].Railway Transport AndEconomy,2005,27(11):40-42.(in Chinese) [4] 汤薇,陈森发,仇向洋.基于生命周期客流分摊成本的城市轨道交通定价方法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2007(5):69-74.TANG Wei,CHEN Sen-fa,QIU Xiang-yang.The urban rail transit pricing method by life cycle cost apportioned in the entirepassengers[J].Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2007(5):69-74.(in Chinese) [5] 何德权,郭耀煌.运输对策定价模型研究[J].西南交通大学学报,2000,10(5):539-542.HE De-quan,GUO Yao-huang.Research progress on corridor and transport corridor in 20th Century[J].Journal ofSouthwest Jiaotong University,2000,10(5):539-542.(in Chinese) [6] RAMSEY F.A contribution to the theory of taxation[J].Economic Journal,1927,37(1):47-61.
[7] BAUMOL W J,BRADFORD D F.Optimal departures from marginal cost pricing[J].American Economic Review,1970,60:265-283.
[8] 钟晓青,侯龑,彭仁贤,等.广州地铁供需均衡分析和票价价格弹性及降价增益问题[J].中山大学学报:社会科学版,2007,47(4):116-120.ZHONG Xiao-qing,HOU Yan,PENG Ren-xian,et al.Supply-demand equilibrium of Guangzhou underground and itsdepreciating scheme on price elasticity[J].Journal of Sun Yatsen University:Social Science Edition,2007,47(4):116-120.(in Chinese) [9] 北京交通发展研究中心,北京市综合交通运输成本研究[R].北京:北京交通发展研究中心,2007:59-113.Beijing Transportation Research Center.Beijing comprehensive transportation costs[R].Beijing:Beijing TransportationResearch Center,2007:59-113.(in Chinese) [10] 交通エコロジー.モビリティ財団,運輸.交通と環境[M],東京:日本(財)交通エコロジー.モビリティ財団,2009:15-16. [11] 日本(財)日本総合研究所,道路投資の評価に関する指針(案)[M].東京:日本(財)日本総合研究所,2000. [12] 王亚红.基于Logit模型的城市轨道交通票价制定方法研究[D].北京:北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,2007:73-74.WANG Ya-hong.Research on the method of making ticket price of urban rail transit based on logit model[D].Beijing:School of Civil Engineering&Architecture,Beijing Jiaotong University,2007:73-74.(in Chinese)
计量
- 文章访问数: 17
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 8
下载:
