Abstract: In order to assess structural damage with complete consideration of various parameters and enhance the accuracy of assessment,a comprehensive method for seismic damage evaluation on reinforced concrete structure,which took internal damage index,maximum inter-storey drift,number of inelastic cycles and energy-concentrated quotient as evaluation factors,was established based on Set Pair Analysis(SPA)theory. This method was constructed by using sample values compared with the value of standard grade.Using this model,the situation of seismic damage on reinforced concrete structure can be accurately identified by depicting the relationship between the two sets from all the aspects of the same-contrary-indefinite characteristics.This method was verified clearly through the practical example,and the rationality and validity were demonstrated.By this practice example,the model proved to be accurate and logical in evaluating the degree of structural seismic damage.