Abstract: Due to the large daily passenger flow in subway systems,the fire might cause a great deal of life losses once the fire protection system is not working effectively.Whether the smoke control system which designed following the prescriptive codes can work effectively in real fire cases is doubtful because of the complex structure of the subway system and uncertainties of the fire.Fire hazard assessment based on performance-based analysis would be necessary.Fire hazard assessment for one Beijing subway station under different smoke control strategies and fire scenarios would be carried out in this paper,the optimal smoke control strategies would be determined,and some improved suggestions would be provided for the poor systems.The results would be useful for the smoke control system operation in practice.