Abstract: High temperature asphalt pavement will bring rutting and other diseases, and increase the urban heat island effect, which adversely affects the quality of pavement, service life and human living environment, so it is urgent to develop effective asphalt pavement cooling technology to reduce rutting and other diseases and alleviate the urban heat island effect. The existing asphalt pavement cooling technology is divided into passive cooling technology and active cooling technology, while active cooling technology can reduce asphalt pavement temperature more effectively, and has the characteristics of intelligence and spontaneity. The cooling asphalt pavement corresponding to active cooling technology mainly includes heat reflection pavement, phase change temperature regulation pavement, thermal resistance pavement, permeable pavement, energy harvesting pavement, and high thermal conductivity pavement. In view of the above-mentioned asphalt pavement active cooling technology, this paper summarizes the principle characteristics, application methods, actual cooling and road effects applied to asphalt pavement, as well as the new methods and ideas of asphalt pavement active cooling technology, discusses the defects and limitations of asphalt pavement active cooling technology, and looks forward to the development trend of asphalt pavement cooling technology in the future.