Abstract: Steel-concrete composite bridges are a type of bridge structure that connects steel beam and concrete bridge deck through shear connectors. They consider the cooperation of steel and concrete. Shear connectors are important force transmission components. The behavior reliability of shear connectors is the basis for the coordinated working of steel beams and concrete bridge decks. To further clarify the configurations and behavior of shear connectors for steel-concrete composite bridges, the study of shear connectors in steel-concrete composite bridges was systematically sorted out. The types, configurations, and shear mechanisms of common shear connectors were first introduced. Then, the study of shear connectors with high-performance materials was summarized. The force mechanism of shear connectors was clarified. The analysis models of mechanical performance for shear connectors and calculation formulas of shear resistance were summarized in detail. Finally, the research trend of shear connectors in steel-concrete composite bridges was discussed. The study of shear connectors with high-performance materials in prefabricated assembled bridge decks needs to be conducted, realizing accelerated bridge construction and low-carbon sustainable development.