Abstract: The dynamic response of embedded sensing devices and pavement under vehicle loads has significant implications for their service performance and lifespan. Therefore, the finite element model of embedded piezoelectric system-pavement structure under dynamic load was constructed using a 1/4 vehicle vibration model. Based on the measured strain data and the literature vibration data, the response results of the finite element model were verified. The dynamic response of embedded pavement structure and the peak voltage output of the piezoelectric system were analyzed under different axle loads, speeds and road roughness. Results show that the vertical acceleration peak of pavement structure and the output peak of embedded piezoelectric system increase with the increase of vehicle load, and the linearity is good. The change of peak value of lateral strain and peak value of alternating tension and compression of vertical strain caused by overload should be considered. The driving speed has obvious influence on the vibration and strain response of the road surface, which are not monotonic changes. With the pavement grade dropping from Class A to Class C, the average vertical acceleration of each structural layer of the pavement increases from -10×10^-3 g to -39×10^-3 g, and the increase of three-way vibration within 200 mm depth is the most significant. The research provides support for the application and layout optimization of embedded piezoelectric systems, as well as instructions for intelligent pavement long-term service performance.