Abstract: Quantum state sharing is an important branch of quantum cryptography, and entangled state distribution is a necessary means to realize quantum state sharing scheme. Noise environment leads to decoherence of quantum entangled states, which reduce the performance of quantum state sharing schemes and even fail. Based on a tripartite quantum state sharing scheme in the three-level quantum system, the fidelity of quantum state sharing in four different configurations of amplitude-damped channels was investigated in this paper. To improve the fidelity of shared quantum states, the quantum weak measurement method was used to protect the distribution of entangled states in the amplitude-damped noise channel, and the fidelity of shared quantum states in the amplitude-damped channel with the aid of quantum weak measurement method was obtained. Finally, taking a specific form of quantum state as an example, the improvement effect of quantum weak measurement method on the fidelity of shared quantum state in four different configurations of amplitude damped channels was analyzed. The simulation results show that the quantum weak measurement method can only improve the shared fidelity of quantum states under two different configurations in the amplitude damped channel, but has no obvious improvement effect on the shared fidelity of quantum states under the other two configurations, and even produces the opposite effect.