Abstract: The flue gas produced by non-ferrous metal smelting seriously pollutes the ecological environment. Sulfur dioxide in the smelting flue gas has a high concentration and a wide range of variation. The recovery of sulfur dioxide to produce acid is currently the most widely used desulfurization method. Acid production with smelting flue gas was taken as the main research object, and its technology and control process were analyzed. First, the development history of acid production with smelting flue gas at home and abroad was briefly reviewed. Second, the existing flue gas desulfurization methods were reviewed, and the process of acid production with flue gas and its development status were mainly analyzed. Finally, combined with the research status of modeling, optimization, and control of the system of acid production with flue gas in recent years, the development prospects and difficulties in the process of optimal control algorithm application were analyzed and discussed.