Abstract: The adhesion between tire and pavement is one of the most important factors affecting vehicle driving safety. Asphalt pavement is easy to produce water film in rainy conditions. Due to the hydrodynamic lubrication, the tire slips to a certain distance relative to the rough pavement, resulting in hydroplaning, which significantly affects the adhesion characteristics between tires and road. According to the formation mechanism of water film on asphalt pavement in rainy conditions and the influencing factors of water film thickness, based on the existing water film thickness prediction model and considering the demand of vehicle braking stability, this paper analyzed the fluid lubrication between tire and rough road surface, and the interaction among tire, fluid and road surface. Based on the influence factors such as water film thickness, mean profile depth (MPD) of road surface macro texture and driving speed, the change rule of adhesion coefficient was studied, which provides guidance for improving pavement skid resistance and driving safety.