基于导航APP推荐路径和道路功能等级的路网运行分析
Road Network Operation Analysis Based on Navigation Recommended Paths and Road Functional Grades
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摘要: 导航地图APP是居民出行路径选择时的重要参考,可用于反映实际路网运行中各等级道路功能发挥的合理性水平.采用威布尔分布函数作为车辆出行距离的统一概率模型,提出短、中、长距离的阈值确定方法,进而对城市内不同出行距离起讫(origin destination,OD)点对进行选取.基于高德地图开放平台,获得不同出行距离OD点对间的导航地图APP推荐路径,并进行路段拆分、聚类和统计分析,进而计算各等级道路周转量及不同出行距离中各等级道路的分担率,以综合评价导航地图APP推荐路径下的路网运行状况.以郑州市中心城区路网为例,计算结果表明:快速路被推荐给大量中、长距离出行者,主干路被推荐给大量短距离出行者,这一倾向,与规范中各等级道路功能定位及路网级配设计初衷不甚相符,且造成快速路和主干路承担的机动化交通周转量远高于其通行能力资源.Abstract: Navigation map is an important reference for residents' travel path selection, which can be used to reflect the reasonableness level of the function of each grade of road in the actual road network operation. The Weibull distribution function was used as the unified probability model of vehicle travel distance, and the threshold determination method of short, medium and long distances was proposed. Then, origin destination (OD) point pairs of different travel distances in the city were selected. Based on the open platform of Gaode Map, the navigation recommended paths between OD point pairs of different distances were obtained. After the splitting, clustering and statistical analysis of road segments, the road turnover of each grade of road and the share rate of each grade of road in different travel distances were calculated to comprehensively evaluate the operation status of the road network under the recommended paths of the navigation map APP. The road network in downtown Zhengzhou was taken as an example. Calculation results show that expressways are recommended to a large number of medium and long-distance travelers and trunk roads are recommended to a large number of short distance travelers. This tendency is inconsistent with the original intention of the functional positioning of each grade of road and the design of road network hierarchy in the specification, and causes the motorized traffic turnover undertaken by expressways and trunk roads to be much higher than their capacity resources.