Abstract: Research on the impact of a single type of highway infrastructure investment on economic growth can provide a theoretical basis for formulating reasonable highway-related macro investment policies and plans. Based on highway infrastructure capital stocks based on provincial highway investment amounts, using the Boarnet model as a theoretical model, and using spatial econometric research methods, a spatial panel Durbin model was established to reflect the impact of provincial highway investment on economic development, and direct effects and spatial spillover effects were estimated. Results show that highway infrastructure investment has a significant positive spatial spillover effect. Highway investment not only benefits regional economic growth, but also significantly promotes the development of related regional economies. Therefore, highway development planning and related policies should be considered in conjunction with the overall regional development planning.