Abstract: Aluminum is considered as a potential alternative in field of metal ion batteries due to its abundant source in earth, low cost and high safety. Although aluminum metal has such attractive advantages in the ion battery, the energy density, stability, safety and electrolyte cost of aluminum ion battery still restrict its development. Therefore, it is necessary to sort out, analyze and summarize the latest work of aluminum ion battery, and further explore its opportunities and challenges as a new energy storage system. In this paper, the recent work of aluminum ion battery was summarized from three aspects, including positive material, electrolyte and aluminum metal negative electrode, which laid the foundation for the research of high energy density and high stability aluminum ion battery.