四种碳源条件下城市污水处理厂尾水深度脱氮的性能与微生物种群结构

    Effect of Four Different Types of Carbon Sources on Advanced Nitrogen Removal of Secondary Effluent: System Performance and Microbial Communities

    • 摘要: 城市污水处理厂出水符合一级A排放标准,其中含有的硝酸盐氮仍可能引起敏感水域水质恶化,故仍需进一步开发尾水深度脱氮技术.研究采用乙酸钠、葡萄糖、甲醇、乙醇4种碳源作为外加碳源,探究序批式反应器(sequencing batch reactor,SBR)悬浮污泥系统进行城市污水厂尾水深度脱氮的可行性.试验结果表明:在进水硝酸盐质量浓度约为15 mg/L、硝酸盐氮容积负荷率为0.03 kg/(m3·d)的条件下,分别投加4种不同的碳源,SBR均能达到97.80%以上的NOx--N去除率,出水ρ(NOx--N) < 1 mg/L.4个系统实现稳定深度脱氮所需的COD/ρ(N)分别为5、12、6和7,对应去除1 g NOx--N的碳源量分别为7.35、12.00、4.00和3.37 g,其中乙醇为碳源时投加量最低而葡萄糖为碳源时最高.使用原位全周期方法测得的4个系统平均氮去除速率分别为0.72、0.19、0.32和0.73 kg/(m3·d),其中乙醇和乙酸钠为碳源时反应速率最高而葡萄糖为碳源时最低.碳源种类对微生物种群组成具有显著影响.经过78 d的培养之后,乙酸钠和葡萄糖系统污泥与接种污泥相比种群结构简单,乙酸钠为碳源时微生物以Firmicutes门为主(94%),葡萄糖为碳源时微生物以Actinobacteria门(45%)和Patescibacteria门(44%)为主.与之相反,甲醇、乙醇系统中微生物种群的多样性比起种泥有所上升.

       

      Abstract: Even discharge standard grade A is achieved in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), the effluent still contains abundant nitrogen pollution, which can cause deterioration of quality of sensitive receiving waters. Thus, development of tertiary denitrification technique to advanced nitrogen removal is required. In this study, four liquid carbon sources, including sodium acetate, glucose, methanol and ethanol were used as external carbon sources to explore the feasibility of using the sequencing batch reactor (SBR) suspended sludge system to further remove low-level nitrogen from secondary effluent. The experimental results show that when the nitrogen volume loading rate was 0.03 kg/(m3·d), all of four denitrifying-sequencing batch reactor (DN-SBR) systems can reach a NOx--N removal efficiency of more than 97.80% with effluent NOx--N less than 1 mg/L. The COD/ρ(N) required for the four systems were 5, 12, 6, and 7, corresponding to a carbon source required of 7.35, 12.00, 4.00, and 3.37 g/g NOx--N, respectively. The required dose of ethanol was the lowest and the glucose was the highest for complete denitrification. Determined by in-situ measurement method, the average nitrogen removal rates of the four systems were 0.72, 0.19, 0.32 and 0.73 kg/(m3·d), respectively. The ethanol and acetate system presented higher reaction rate and the glucose system was the lowest. There were great differences between the compositions of microbial community in these reactors added with different carbon sources. After an operational period of 78 d, the diversity of microbial communities in acetate- and glucose systems decreased. Firmicutes phylum microorganisms dominated in the reactor with acetate, accounting for 94% of the total microorganisms. The dominated phylums in the glucose-reactor were Actinobacteria (45%) and Patescibacteria (44%). In contrast, the diversity of microbial communities in the methanol and ethanol systems increased compared to that of seed sludge.

       

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