Abstract: To realize the optimal operation of the performance indices in municipal wastewater treatment process (MWWTP), an optimal control based on dynamic decomposed multiobjective particle swarm optimization (OC-DDMOPSO) was proposed in this paper. First, the dynamic performance models were formulated by using the adaptive kernel functions, and the optimization objectives could be then obtained. Second, multiobjective particle swarm optimization algorithm based on the dynamic decomposed archive was developed, and the optimal set-points could be then derived. Third, a predictive control strategy was designed to trace the obtained optimal set-points, and the optimal control of MWWTP could be then realized. Finally, the proposed OC-DDMOPSO strategy was tested on the benchmark simulation model No.1. Results show that OC-DDMOPSO can not only facilitate the stable operation of MWWTP, but also guarantee the effluent qualities, as well as reduce the operation cost.