北京南站公共交通可达性计算与评价

    Public Transit Accessibility Calculation and Evaluation of the Beijing South Railway Station

    • 摘要: 北京南站作为北京市重要的客运枢纽站,承担着铁路、地铁及地面公交上大量旅客的集散、换乘任务,为提高铁路进京旅客出行至市区的便利性,需要对其出行可达性进行计算及评价分析.选取旅客从北京南站出发,通过站内公共交通疏散到市区的出行可达性为研究对象,构建多模式公共交通可达性模型.结合调查数据和应用程序接口(application programming interface,API)出行数据,计算旅客由北京南站至市内区域的地面公交、地铁和地铁换乘地面公交的出行时间,通过ArcGIS软件绘制不同时段下可达范围,结合城市地形结构与土地利用对出行可达性进行分析.选取公共交通出行时间、换乘次数为指标,对北京南站公共交通系统可达性进行评价.结果表明,北京南站公共交通可达性受到地铁线路网络的走向和站点分布的影响,可达性范围受地形、公园设施等土地利用的影响,不同时段的可达性与地面公交的交通状况相关.该方法可用于提升公共交通枢纽系统运行效率的运营优化指导,评价结果同时对于城市公共交通网络的优化具有指导意义.

       

      Abstract: As an important transportation hub in Beijing, the Beijing South Railway Station (BSRS) undertakes the task of collecting, distributing and transferring a large number of passengers from the railway, the metro and the public transit system. It is necessary to compute and evaluate the transit accessibility to improve the convenience for railway passengers transfer to the capital. In this paper, an accessibility calculation model of multi-mode public transport was constructed by the travel time of the ground bus, the metro and the feeder bus from the BSRS to the urban area. The accessible range in different travel time periods was drawn by ArcGIS software based on the investigating data and application programming interface (API) travelling data. The transit accessibility was analyzed combined with the urban terrain structure and the land use. Both the travel time and the transfer times in the public transit system were selected as indicators to evaluate the transit accessibility of BSRS. Results show that the accessibility range of public transport is affected by the trend of metro line network and the distribution of stations. The accessible area is affected by land use such as topography, park facilities, etc. The accessibility in different periods is related to the traffic condition of ground bus. The proposed method can lead to the operational efficiency improvement of the public transportation hub. Meanwhile, the evaluation results have guiding significance for the optimization of urban public transport network.

       

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