Abstract: Encouraging users to participate in scheduling is one of the free-floating bike-sharing scheduling strategies. To study the willingness of users to participate and explore the impact of users' participation on scheduling costs, a user selection model was first established by using questionnaire data to analyze the users' willingness to participate. Then, taking the incentive quota given by the user selection model as an input variable and taking the sum of operator-based scheduling cost and user-based incentive cost as an optimization objective, a free-floating bike-sharing scheduling model considering users' participation was established. Results show that walking distance, incentive quota, whether there is a bicycle at starting point, age, purpose of riding, time spent searching for bicycle in peacetime and whether to buy monthly cards have significant effects on users' willingness to participate in scheduling. The users' participation in scheduling can significantly save the total cost of scheduling at temporary points and the proposed selection model can guide the establishment of incentive quota.