Abstract: For the hierarchical airborne cognitive network that is composed of primary net(PNet) and secondary net(SNet), an optimal design of hierarchical airborne network, which is equipped with cognitive anti-jamming radio, was investigated based on simultaneous transmit and receive(STAR). First, the false alarm and detection probability of the multihop cognitive network in the fading channel were derived based on the energy detection method(ED), then the throughput of the secondary net CRs was calculated. Furthermore, a multi-objective optimization model constraint by sensing time, decision threshold and transmitting power was constructed to maximize the throughputs and minimize the transmitting power of the secondary net CRs, an approach was presented based on quasi-Newton method and a logarithm penalty function method to solve this optimization problem. The simulation results show that the Pareto optimal solution can be obtained after the optimization of each set of initialized target functions, and the optimization solution is corresponding to unique sensing time, channel decision threshold and channel transmit power.