交联环氧树脂热力学性能的分子模拟

    Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Crosslinked Epoxy Based on Molecular Dynamics

    • 摘要: 为了更加真实、高效地模拟环氧树脂聚合物体系,通过分子动力学模拟的方法,研究了以双酚A二缩水甘油醚为环氧单体、间苯二胺为固化剂的环氧体系的动态交联过程.采用一种能够建立高交联度环氧树脂网络结构的算法,并对比了不同交联过程中能量的变化情况.通过记录退火过程中材料的温度-密度曲线,求得不同交联度下材料的玻璃转化温度Tg.采用了非稳态拉伸的方法获得材料应力-应变曲线,并对弹性阶段进行线性拟合进而求得拉伸弹性模量.模拟结果表明:在环氧树脂交联过程中,使用模拟退火方法能够比常规方法更快地达到更高的交联度,且分子结构更加松弛.随着交联度的升高,环氧树脂玻璃转化温度提高,最高玻璃转化温度出现在交联度为80%的体系中,约为431 K;环氧树脂拉伸弹性模量不受拉伸速率影响,但较大拉伸速率能够提高材料的屈服点,交联能够有效增强环氧树脂的力学性能;在玻璃转化温度前,随着温度的升高,交联环氧树脂的热导率降低,计算的热力学性能参数与现有理论和实验数据较吻合.

       

      Abstract: In this paper, the dynamic crosslinking process of epoxy materials containing diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) as the epoxy monomer and 1, 3-benzenediamine (MPD) as hardener was studied using molecular simulation. An algorithm that can create the high-crosslinked epoxy was adopted, and the energy changes under different crosslinking processes were compared. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the material under various crosslinking densities was determined as the temperature marking the discontinuity in slope of the temperature-density relationship. The Young's modulus was obtained through the linear regression by the elastic range in stress-strain relationship acquired by non-equilibration method. Simulation results show that the effectiveness of using simulated annealing method in the dynamic crosslinking process can reach higher degree of crosslinking while the molecular configuration is more desirable. Glass transition temperature grows with increasing the bulk crosslinking degree, the maximum Tg reaches roughly 431 K while the crosslinking degree is 80%. The Young's modulus is less sensitive to the strain rate, however, the large strain rate will lead to higher yield point. The Young's modulus will grow with increasing crosslinking degree. The thermal conductivity of crosslinked epoxy decreases with growing temperature before the glass transition temperature. Furthermore, the thermomechanical properties of the epoxy resin computed agree well with the existing theoretical or experimental values.

       

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