污水中药物和个人护理用品的光降解

    Photonic Removal of Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products From Wastewater

    • 摘要: 药品和个人护理用品(pharmaceuticals and personal care products,PPCPs)作为新兴的环境污染物逐渐引起了广泛关注,不仅因为其在地表水中难以检测,更因为即便是极低的含量,也会对与其接触的生物产生生理毒性效应.尽管其在环境中的质量浓度仅有μg/L到ng/L,但对水生生物表现出一定的内分泌干扰,对人类健康有潜在的威胁.因此,低成本去除废水中的PPCPs吸引了研究人员的关注.关于PPCPs在污水中的迁移转化已有大量研究,从传统的污水处理到新型的处理过程,从实验室到实地监测.本文综述了多种光致氧化工艺去除PPCPs的优缺点,包括光催化、直接光解、臭氧化、光电催化等.阐明PPCPs的迁移转化及其影响并限制其对生态环境的污染,是保护未来生态环境和人类健康的关键.

       

      Abstract: Pharmaceuticals and personal care products( PPCPs) have attracted much recent attention as widespread emerging environmental contaminants,both due to their near ubiquitous detection in surface waters adjacent urban areas,but also their potential to generate endocrine modulating responses at low concentrations in exposed organisms. Although usually being detected in environmental matrices only atμg /L or ng /L ranges,the adverse effects in exposed aquatic organisms have been widely reported and prompted concerns over the potential for human health effects. Consequently,there has been increasing research attention paid to cost-effectively removing PPCPs. Numerous studies have examined the occurrence and fate of PPCPs in wastewater and adjacent receiving environments,focusing on their removal by conventional and advanced treatment processes at varying scales ranging from the lab to bench experiments to full treatment plant manipulations. This review will discuss various photonic assisted advanced oxidization treatments such as photocatalytic degradation, photolysis, ozonation and photoelectrolysis with advantages and limitations of each treatment approach( or combinations thereof) in removing PPCPs. Elucidating the fate and effects of PPCPs in the environment,and the potential of recent technologies to limit their environmental contamination,are the key elements in protecting future ecosystem and human health.

       

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