Abstract: Based on the experimental results of the lab-scale reactor and the operational data of the demonstration project, the wastewater treatment plant with one-stage anammox process was comprehensively evaluated and analyzed in this paper. Firstly,the mass balance of the COD and nitrogen was analyzed. The analysis showed that the effluent of wastewater treatment plant based on anammox process could meet one-class A permitted criteria and the recovery of organic matter doubled when comparing to the traditional A²O wastewater treatment process. We further investigated the effect of anammox process on energy consumption of the wastewater treatment plant. Due to the reduction of aeration energy consumption and the improvement of methane production in anaerobic digestion process,the theory energy self-sufficiency efficiency of 90% could be achieved. The analysis of mass balance and energy consumption indicated that the separate removal of organic matter and nitrogen in the wastewater pollutants was the key to enhance energy self-sufficiency efficiency.