Abstract: There are two viewpoints about the relationship between nature and mankind,one of them is anthropocentrism,the other is non- anthropocentrism.The ecological thinking of Marx and Engels can be manifested showing the dialectical unification of the two centers(anthropocentrism and nonanthropocentrism),which surpassed the pure anthropocentrism or the pure non-anthropocentrism. Correctly understanding the ecological thinking of Marx and using it to guide our actions will play an important role in promoting the construction of a socialist ecological civilization in China.