Abstract: There are many reasons in choosing planned economy after new China was founded.Theoretically,the choice not only sticks to Marxist scientific socialism,but also is a great exploration of the sinicization of Marxism;practically,it not only draws lessons from the development models of former Soviet Union,but also summarizes the economy construction experiences of wartime China;objectively,choice of planned economy not only is determined by the backward national conditions,but also implies the objective requirement for realizing the strategic goal of industrial development;subjectively,it is not only the objective requirement for consolidating the new socialist regime,but also the effective measure for safeguarding the essential interests of the masses of workers and peasants.It seems that the subjective thoughts of the leaders of CPC and the state play a leading role in choosing planned economy,however,the motive behind such subjective factors is still subject to the objective conditions.