公地悲剧不动点视角下环境罚金刑的完善

The Improvement of the Environmental Fine Penalty From the Perspective of the Commons Tragedy Fixed-point

摘要: 借鉴公地悲剧不动点理论,认为我国环境犯罪罚金刑制度的设计,必须能够"调适"社会成员的行为趋向,诱导出公地悲剧在动态变化过程中的不动点。但我国现行环境罚金刑制度却无法诱导出动态变化中的不动点。为此,应采取有效的制度设计,包括加大惩罚环境犯罪的边际成本、实行环境罚金的基准制度以及建立环境罚金刑易科执行制度等来促使动态变化中不动点的诱出,以便使环境罚金刑制度更好地发挥其应有的惩罚性功能。

Abstract: Referring to the theory of the commons tragedy fixed-point,the environmental criminal penalty system must be able to adjust the behavior orientation of the members of the society,and induce the commons tragedy fixed-point But the current environmental fine punishment system is not successful.Therefore,we should take the effective measures of the system design,including increasing the marginal cost of environmental crime,implementing the fine benchmark system and establishing a new system of changing fines into imprisonment penalty,in order to induce the fixed-point out of the dynamic changes and to play the due punitive function of environmental fine punishment system.