县域城镇化的区域差异及高质量发展路径

    Regional Differences and High-quality Development Path of County Urbanization

    • 摘要: 从区域差异视角出发,立足东部沿海发达地区和中西部普通农业型地区的农民县域城镇化实践,建构农民县域城镇化的实践类型,试图丰富与拓展已有县域城镇化的相关研究。研究发现,因产业基础的不同,东部发达地区和中西部欠发达地区农民县域城镇化实践呈现出“内生型城镇化”和“外生型城镇化”两种样态。东部发达地区的农民依托本地工业化发展而形成的“内生型城镇化”,呈现出非农化的家庭劳动力配置、离土不离乡的城乡空间跨度、工业反哺农业的城乡资源流动格局等实践特征,是一种具有稳定性、可持续性的完全城镇化模式。中西部欠发达地区县域内产业基础薄弱,主要依赖外部大城市的资源输入而形成的“外生型城镇化”,呈现出半工半耕的劳动力配置、离土又离乡的城乡空间跨度、城乡资源向县城双向集中的实践特征,是一种具有不稳定性与高风险性的半城市化模式。为进一步推进县域城镇化向稳定且高质量发展,以“农民能够在城市稳定生活”为核心制定相应的政策,推动农民生产和生活方式逐步向城镇体系转型。

       

      Abstract: From the perspective of regional differences, based on the practice of farmers' county urbanization in the developed coastal areas in the east and the generally agricultural areas in the central and western regions, the article constructs the practice type of farmers' county urbanization, so as to try to enrich and expand the existing research on county urbanization. The study found that, due to the different industrial bases, the rural urbanization practice of farmers in the eastern developed areas and that in the underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions showed two patterns: "endogenous urbanization" and "exogenous urbanization". The "endogenous urbanization" formed by the farmers in the eastern developed areas relying on the development of local industrialization shows the practical characteristics of non-agricultural family labor allocation, urban and rural spatial span without leaving their hometown, and the urban-rural resource flow pattern of industry feeding agriculture back. It is a stable and sustainable complete urbanization model. The underdeveloped areas in the central and western regions have a weak industrial foundation within the county. The "exogenous urbanization" formed mainly by relying on the input of resources from external big cities shows the characteristics of labor allocation of semi industry and semi farming, urban and rural spatial span of leaving the land and hometown, and the practice of two-way concentration of urban and rural resources to the county seat. It is a semi-urbanization model with instability and high risk. In order to further promote the stable and high-quality development of county urbanization, the corresponding policies are formulated with the core of "farmers can live a stable life in the city", so as to promote the gradual transformation of farmers' production and lifestyle to the urban system.

       

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