中国居民生育性别偏好变迁的横断历史研究：1981—2016

A Change in Procreative Gender Preference of Chinese Residents During 1981~2016: A Cross-temporal Meta-analysis

摘要: 中国居民在生育性别偏好方面长期存在“重男轻女”现象，但随着经济社会发展，国人的生育观念也在发生深刻变化。在此基础上，搜集并分析了中国1981—2016年有关生育性别偏好的调查数据，结果表明：（1）城乡居民生男偏好随年代的变迁整体呈下降趋势；（2）农村居民生男偏好没有明显变化，且生男偏好整体要强于城镇居民；（3）城乡居民生男偏好变化趋势存在地区差异，虽然超大城市、东部地区和中部地区居民生男偏好随年代变迁呈下降趋势，但三者降幅由大到小，并且西部地区居民生男偏好基本没有变化。

Abstract: This paper has studied how the procreative gender preference for sons superior to daughters long in Chinese residents is under change along with its development in economy and society. The survey mainly collected and analyzed the data about the procreative gender preference from 1981-2016, and its results shows:(1) a downward change in son preference of urban residents; (2) no significant change in son preference of rural residents and stronger preference for son in rural residents than in urban ones; (3) a downward change in son preference of residents in big cities, eastern and central regions with its degree from large to small, while no change in son preference of residents in western regions, which shows a regional difference exists.