Abstract: On the basis of a favorable interpretation on Engels,Lenin' s thought of agricultural co-operatives,this paper points out that Engels,and Lenin' s thinking on agricultural cooperatives has inspired the development of the farmers' specialized cooperatives in China:farmers' specialized cooperatives as the modern agricultural management organization can unite the decentralized management of individual farmers and its development needs guidance and support from the government,but also needs the support of the“cultural work”,that is,a good cooperative education.