Abstract: It is strongly emphasized in“The Decision of the CPC Central Committee on Several Important Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform" proven in the 3rd Plenary Session of 18 th CPC Central Committee that the core solution to deepen the economic reform is the proper relationship between the government and the market,leaving the market to play the decisive role in allocation of resources.However,the theoretical foundation of this statement,especially from the view of Marx's economics is not yet fully discussed.In Marx's theory,resources allocation is to allocate commodities and labor across different sectors of the society.The dual meanings of socially necessary labor-time and the inter-sector as well as the intra-sector competition explain the dynamic process of how resources are allocated by the market.It is important for researchers on Marx's economics to discuss the necessity of market economy to resource allocation under the principles of Marx's economics.