Abstract: Since the May Fourth Movement in 1919, the word "culture" has been a glamorous term in Chinese society, and the issues related to the culture have been the frontier topics attracting the Chinese academia. This article focuses on the analysis and comment on the contemporary Chinese cultural evolutionism and relativism, cultural radicalism and conservatism, and cultural globalism and nationalism. It is believed that strengthening our study on the important theoretical issues in the cultural construction has a crucial significance for establishing a new socialist Chinese culture containing both the spirit of the times and the excellent Chinese traditions, and having our feet planted in our own country while keeping the whole world in view.