汉魏六朝燕射歌辞考论

    Criticism on Yan She Song and Xiang Yan Etiquette in Han-Wei-Jin-Southern and Northern Dynasty

    • 摘要: 汉魏六朝燕射歌辞有源自《诗经》中的曲目、上寿场合的四会曲辞、飨宴场合的鼓吹曲以及晋与南朝时兴起的四厢曲辞等,呈现出上承先秦,下迄隋唐的历史跨度。其歌辞内容在主宾关系、歌颂主题和歌颂对象上发生了变化,句式也发生了由杂言为主到四言为主的改变,此外风格亦由欢欣热闹变为庄重严肃。汉魏六朝飨宴之礼对燕射歌辞的创作主体和歌辞功能的变化都产生了深刻的影响,如飨宴之礼的延续促使创作群体的皇权化、制度化;飨宴礼制的建立明确了宴会上的尊卑官阶,燕射歌辞则成为等级秩序的文本反映。随着飨宴之礼的演变,作为文本的燕射歌辞也随之变化,且成为飨宴之礼发展演变的有机组成部分。

       

      Abstract: The main tracks of Yan She songs and Xiang Yan Etiquette in Han-Wei-Jin-Southern and Northern Dynasty are derived from poems of Shi Jing, Si Hui poems on the occasion of celebrating birthday, Gu Chui poems for Xiang Yan occasions, the rising of Si Xiang poems in Jin and southern dynasties etc, which start from pre-Qin period, end in Sui and Tang dynasties. The content had changed in the guest relation, the theme and the object, the sentences had changed from the miscellaneous words to Si Yan sentence, and the style also changed from the joyful to the serious in Han, Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasty. Xiang Yan Etiquette had a profound effect on the Yan She songs on the changes in creation subject and songs'function, such as the continuing of the Xiang Yan Etiquette, which made creation groups become imperial and institutional; the establishment of Xiang Yan Etiquette has been made clear about the official positions'order in the meeting which reflects that Yan She songs become the text of rank order. With the evolution of Xiang Yan's etiquette, Yan She songs also change and become an organic part of Xiang Yan's etiquette.

       

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