Abstract: The financial support to the advance of science and technology has become the objective option of the most national governments on the world along with the increasing role of the advance of science and technology for economic increase is stressed. Research and development (R&D) activities grow to be the core of the campaign of science and technology. The government supports to the advance of science and technology is realized through financial policies in R&D activities in markets. This paper aims at knowing the financial support for the innovation of science and technology and the role of government in the innovation of science and technology through the analysis of the condition of the R&D investment by the governments so far in China.