村落传统文化对极端集体主义的制约功能——以山东省W市F村为例
The Restraints of Traditional Culture in Village upon Ultra-collectivism:The Case of F Village in W City of Shandong Province
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摘要: 传统的农业社会向现代的工业社会的转型,既不意味农村的凋敝,也不意味传统文化的消亡。F村干部的组成结构与家族结构高度契合,一定程度上有助于实现决策的高速、高效;F村存在的"家堂",将家族的规模分解,以"家堂"间的平等制约了大家族"以强凌弱";村干部对传统文化及风俗习惯的顺应,积极参与各种民俗活动,进一步加强了村庄利益共同体的凝聚力。农村的传统文化在一定程度上发挥了制约"极端集体主义"的功能。由于社会结构的转型、现代化因素的不断浸润正在加速村落传统文化的衰落,因而构建和重组新的精神支撑点,成为农村研究的新课题。Abstract: The transformation from agricultural society to industrial society indicates neither countryside languishes nor traditional culture becomes extinct. The structure of village leader organizations integrates that of clans contributes to high efficiency of decision-making. The restraints in village clans, and the conforming to the traditional culture and customs enforce cohesion of village interests further. However, the transformation of social structure and the factors of modernization are accelerating, the extinct of traditional culture, so constructing and restructuring a new spirit support will be a fresh task for the new countryside study.