Abstract: In 1951, Mao Tse-tung and Liu Shao-qi have an argument for the developing road of Chinese agriculture. In this article the authors try to analyse the right and wrong of the contending sides from the viewpoint of industrilization and think that Mao's standpoint is impersonal, rational and adaptable to the requirement of starting to practice industrialization, so it was adopted by history in the special period; However, Liu Shao-qi's viewpoint was refused partly owing to Mao Tse-tung' sauthority, but the principal reason is unadaptivity of his opinions to the requirement of indus-tralization at that time, although it is rational too in the eyes of today's people.