Abstract: By taking Chinese Confucianism and Western traditional Metaphysics as examples,the relationships are analyzed between major components in both structures based on the holistic thinking of structuralism.Through comparative study,the findings are that the structural integrity of Western traditional Metaphysics is weaker than Chinese Confucianism,namely its constituent lacks the organic internal penetration and only forms a loose Commonwealth.And the driving forces which self-regulation and transformation mechanism depend on to maintain both structure to exist are also different.Chinese Confucianism established the corresponding structure in order to make its theoretical system socialized, but Western traditional Metaphysics took transcendental world as study object and has a tendency to build structures in order to structure to a certain extent.This comparative study may reflect structural cause why Chinese philosophy and Western philosophy have different distinctive characteristics.