Abstract: As China entered aging society so fast,the pressure of pension aggravated.Endowment insurance system varies differently in China for a long time.With the development of the economy,this kind of endowment insurance system increasingly affected people's sense of fairness and social stability.Based on the data of 2008GSS,this paper compared the employees' sense of social justice,who were employed in the institution units and the non-institution units,then analyzed the relationship between the endowment insurance fairness and the social justice deeply.By establishing the Regression Model,the sense of social justice of employees in the institution units was much higher than that in non-institution units,and the fairness of the endowment insurance has much influence on the sense of social justice.This paper aims to explain that the "dual-track" pension system present does not promote the realization of the social justice,but increase the sense of unfairness.