Abstract: At the beginning of founding new China, according to the international conditions and the basic interest of Chinese people, Mao Zedong and the Party central committee put forward and put in to practice the diplomatic strategy of start all over again, which was one of the most important diplomatic strategies of new China at that time.‘Start all over again' made a clean break with the diplomatic strategy in old China, it maintained the principle of‘One China', and made China go into a way of maintaining independence and keep the initiative. So the diplomatic strategy of ‘start all over again' has not only a great significance of history, but also a great significance of practice.