Abstract: In the process of industrialization, the land rights consciousness of the peasants in the Pearl River Delta region has undergone the important evolution. The "public ownership" in the collective ownership has become "commonly ownership", and the means of production of the collective land has evolved into land property, which becomes a collection of the interests of all the peasants in the village community. The strengthening of land rights consciousness makes the distribution of land interests solidify, resulting in the general overcapacity of property and the difficulty to transform, which cannot adapt to a new round of industrial upgrading needs, and also hinders the implementation of public projects, and thus affects the regional public interests, forms the low-level regional development balance. Villager's huge dividend demands continue to squeeze the village collective resources for the public governance, hence, form a strong collective action of confrontation with the national capacity, national and village public governance capacity weakened.