Abstract: The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that the construction of socialist cause in our country has entered into a new era. The central committee of CPC has formed a series of new system and new practice on Chinese borderland governance, which is the main content of socialism with China's characteristics and the important theoretical achievements of the localization of Marxism in China. This article summarized the characters and contributions of the China's borderland governance system and practice, which can be concluded in four aspects:first refigured the borderland governance system; second adjust the development strategy on borderlands; third redefined the status of the borderland areas; forth built multiple levels on borderland governance.