Abstract: This article utilizes the comparison on the analysis to two legal systems in terms of detection direction structure, with a goal of making use of the useful experience in foreign countries. The two different detection procedures are working on their own characteristics. The British-American legal system uses the litigant principle in their detection direction pattern, with more safeguard on human rights to both the accused and the suspicious. The mainland legal system, however, uses the authority principle in their detection direction pattern, with a superiority to control the crime. Therefore, our criminal prosecution system must the compatible between the human rights and the order, to meet the needs be of either control of crime or safeguarding of human rights, so that a fair and scientific detection-direction system can be built.