Abstract: From the perspective of the western thought history, the concept of alienation has a long history, dating back to "Utopia" of Plato of ancient Greece and the basic meaning of the concept is a departure, alienation and confrontation. Medieval theology formally established and explained the basic meaning of God and human alienation. In modern times the British and French Enlightenment thinkers discussed the transfer of the rights issue with alienation and until the era of the classical German philosophy, alienation has expounded the true philosophical sense. Hegel, from the perspective of the critical thinking, established a speculative grand theory of alienation system, and Hegelians Feuerbach and Hess criticized the religious alienation and the economic alienation respectively. Western Alienation, with constantly deep understanding, was pregnant with varying degrees of scientific factors. Marx's alienation is the inheritance and transcendence of these scientific factors.