Abstract: With a view over the fact that the dual economic structure hinders the process of China's economic modernization characterized by the development of productivity and the optimization of the economic structure, "The 11th five year plan", upgrading the independent innovation as the state's strategy, is in a position not only to raise the configuration efficiency and the quality of the essential productive factors, but also to promote the process of our economic modernization. At the same time, the plan illuminates that the independent innovation should be based on national conditions with a view over the economic modernization. This paper emphatically probes into the effective route to realize the independent innovation from six aspects: education, institution, channel, power, culture and service.