加强人工智能监管与治理

    Strengthen the Regulation and Governance on Artificial Intelligence

    • 摘要: 鉴于人工智能发展存在巨大的不确定性,如果不能适当监管和治理,人类社会很可能出现一个“反乌托邦未来”,良好监管和治理是人工智能健康发展的必要保障机制。当前,人类正进入一个巨大的不确定时代,人工智能发展已到了“奥本海默时刻”,加强人工智能监管治理刻不容缓。人工智能监管治理目标是要实现发展与安全、监管治理与国际竞争的平衡,中国人工智能监管治理既要促进国内人工智能产业安全发展,还要有利于抢占全球人工智能监管治理规则制高点。为有效实现监管目标,中国人工智能监管应坚持“以人为本,智能向善”、推进包容审慎监管、加强监管治理国际合作等基本理念。加强人工智能监管治理需结合人工智能技术发展特点,及时更新监管制度,创新监管方式,主要措施有:推进基于风险的监管方式,实行敏捷监管,推进“软法”与“硬法”协同监管,采用“沙盒监管”,建立“吹哨人”制度。

       

      Abstract: In view of the huge uncertainty in artifical intelligence (AI) development, the whole human society is likely to have a "dystopian future" if it can't be properly regulated and governed. Good regulation and governance is the necessary guarantee mechanism for the healthy development of AI. At present, mankind is entering a huge uncertain era, and the AI development has reached the "Oppenheimer moment", so it is urgent to strengthen the regulation of AI. The goal of AI regulation is to achieve the balance between development and safety, regulation-and-governance and international competition. China's AI regulation and governance should not only promote her AI industry in safe development, but also help to seize the commanding heights in global AI regulation and governance rules. In order to achieve the regulatory objectives effectively, China's AI regulation should adhere to the basic concept of "people orientation, and AI for good", promote inclusive and prudent supervision, and strengthen international cooperation in regulation and governance. To strengthen the regulation on AI needs to update the regulation system in time, and innovate the supervision methods from the characteristics of AI technology development. The main measures are: promoting risk-based regulation methods, implementing agile supervision, promoting collaborative supervision of "soft law" and "hard law", promoting supervision by adopting "sandbox regulation", and establishing the "whistle blower" system.

       

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